内网IP段介绍与汇总

内网IP段介绍与汇总

1 常见内网IP段

IANA(The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)保留了如下三个地址段作为私有网络地址:

  1. 10.0.0.0/8
    10.0.0.0        -   10.255.255.255  (10/8 prefix)
    		
  2. 172.16.0.0/12
    172.16.0.0      -   172.31.255.255  (172.16/12 prefix)
    		
  3. 192.168.0.0/16
    192.168.0.0     -   192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)
    		

可通过 RFC 1918 查看原版描述:RFC 1918

2 全部内网IP段

2.1 IPV4内网段

IP地址段 地址范围 地址数量 用途 描述
0.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0–0.255.255.255 16777216 Software Current network (only valid as source address).
10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255 16777216 Private network Used for local communications within a private network.
100.64.0.0/10 100.64.0.0–100.127.255.255 4194304 Private network Shared address space for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT.
127.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.0–127.255.255.255 16777216 Host Used for loopback addresses to the local host.
169.254.0.0/16 169.254.0.0–169.254.255.255 65536 Subnet Used for link-local addresses between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server.
172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1048576 Private network Used for local communications within a private network.
192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256 Private network IETF Protocol Assignments.
192.0.2.0/24 192.0.2.0–192.0.2.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-1, documentation and examples.
192.88.99.0/24 192.88.99.0–192.88.99.255 256 Internet Reserved. Formerly used for IPv6 to IPv4 relay (included IPv6 address block 2002::/16).
192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255 65536 Private network Used for local communications within a private network.
198.18.0.0/15 198.18.0.0–198.19.255.255 131072 Private network Used for benchmark testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets.
198.51.100.0/24 198.51.100.0–198.51.100.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-2, documentation and examples.
203.0.113.0/24 203.0.113.0–203.0.113.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-3, documentation and examples.
224.0.0.0/4 224.0.0.0–239.255.255.255 268435456 Internet In use for IP multicast. (Former Class D network).
240.0.0.0/4 240.0.0.0–255.255.255.254 268435455 Internet Reserved for future use. (Former Class E network).
255.255.255.255/32 255.255.255.255 1 Subnet Reserved for the “limited broadcast” destination address.
IPV4内网段

2.2 IPV6内网段

Address block (CIDR) First address Last address Number of addresses Usage Purpose
::/0 :: ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2128 Routing Default route (no specific route)
::/128 :: :: 1 Software Unspecified address.
::1/128 ::1 ::1 1 Host Loopback address to the local host.
::ffff:0:0/96 ::ffff:0.0.0.0 ::ffff:255.255.255.255 2128−96 = 232 = 4294967296 Software IPv4 mapped addresses.
::ffff:0:0:0/96 ::ffff:0:0.0.0.0 ::ffff:0:255.255.255.255 232 Software IPv4 translated addresses.
64:ff9b::/96 64:ff9b::0.0.0.0 64:ff9b::255.255.255.255 232 Global Internet IPv4/IPv6 translation.
100::/64 100:: 100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 264 Routing Discard prefix.
2001::/32 2001:: 2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 296 Global Internet Teredo tunneling.
2001:20::/28 2001:20:: 2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2100 Software ORCHIDv2
2001:db8::/32 2001:db8:: 2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 296 Documentation Addresses used in documentation and example source code.
2002::/16 2002:: 2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2112 Global Internet The 6to4 addressing scheme (now deprecated).
fc00::/7 fc00:: fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2121 Private network Unique local address.
fe80::/10 fe80:: febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2118 Link Link-local address.
ff00::/8 ff00:: ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2120 Global Internet Multicast address.
IPV6内网段

3 参考文档

  1. RFC 1918 – Address Allocation for Private Internets, tools.ietf.org
  2. RFC 6890 – Special-Purpose IP Address Registries, tools.ietf.org
  3. Reserved IP addresses, en.wikipedia.org
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