1 常见内网IP段

IANA(The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)保留了如下三个地址段作为私有网络地址:

  1. 10.0.0.0/8

    10.0.0.0        -   10.255.255.255  (10/8 prefix)
  2. 172.16.0.0/12

    172.16.0.0      -   172.31.255.255  (172.16/12 prefix)
  3. 192.168.0.0/16

    192.168.0.0     -   192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)
可通过 RFC 1918 查看原版描述:

2 全部内网IP段

2.1 IPV4内网段

IP地址段地址范围地址数量用途描述
0.0.0.0/80.0.0.0–0.255.255.25516777216SoftwareCurrent network (only valid as source address).
10.0.0.0/810.0.0.0–10.255.255.25516777216Private networkUsed for local communications within a private network.
100.64.0.0/10100.64.0.0–100.127.255.2554194304Private networkShared address space for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT.
127.0.0.0/8127.0.0.0–127.255.255.25516777216HostUsed for loopback addresses to the local host.
169.254.0.0/16169.254.0.0–169.254.255.25565536SubnetUsed for link-local addresses between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server.
172.16.0.0/12172.16.0.0–172.31.255.2551048576Private networkUsed for local communications within a private network.
192.0.0.0/24192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255256Private networkIETF Protocol Assignments.
192.0.2.0/24192.0.2.0–192.0.2.255256DocumentationAssigned as TEST-NET-1, documentation and examples.
192.88.99.0/24192.88.99.0–192.88.99.255256InternetReserved. Formerly used for IPv6 to IPv4 relay (included IPv6 address block 2002::/16).
192.168.0.0/16192.168.0.0–192.168.255.25565536Private networkUsed for local communications within a private network.
198.18.0.0/15198.18.0.0–198.19.255.255131072Private networkUsed for benchmark testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets.
198.51.100.0/24198.51.100.0–198.51.100.255256DocumentationAssigned as TEST-NET-2, documentation and examples.
203.0.113.0/24203.0.113.0–203.0.113.255256DocumentationAssigned as TEST-NET-3, documentation and examples.
224.0.0.0/4224.0.0.0–239.255.255.255268435456InternetIn use for IP multicast. (Former Class D network).
240.0.0.0/4240.0.0.0–255.255.255.254268435455InternetReserved for future use. (Former Class E network).
255.255.255.255/32255.255.255.2551SubnetReserved for the "limited broadcast" destination address.

2.2 IPV6内网段

Address block (CIDR)First addressLast addressNumber of addressesUsagePurpose
::/0::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2128RoutingDefault route (no specific route)
::/128::::1SoftwareUnspecified address.
::1/128::1::11HostLoopback address to the local host.
::ffff:0:0/96::ffff:0.0.0.0::ffff:255.255.255.2552128−96 = 232 = 4294967296SoftwareIPv4 mapped addresses.
::ffff:0:0:0/96::ffff:0:0.0.0.0::ffff:0:255.255.255.255232SoftwareIPv4 translated addresses.
64:ff9b::/9664:ff9b::0.0.0.064:ff9b::255.255.255.255232Global InternetIPv4/IPv6 translation.
100::/64100::100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff264RoutingDiscard prefix.
2001::/322001::2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff296Global InternetTeredo tunneling.
2001:20::/282001:20::2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2100SoftwareORCHIDv2
2001:db8::/322001:db8::2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff296DocumentationAddresses used in documentation and example source code.
2002::/162002::2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2112Global InternetThe 6to4 addressing scheme (now deprecated).
fc00::/7fc00::fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2121Private networkUnique local address.
fe80::/10fe80::febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2118LinkLink-local address.
ff00::/8ff00::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff2120Global InternetMulticast address.

3 参考文档

[1]. RFC 1918 - Address Allocation for Private Internets, tools.ietf.org

[2]. RFC 6890 - Special-Purpose IP Address Registries, tools.ietf.org

[3]. Reserved IP addresses, en.wikipedia.org

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